Determination of Proximate and Phytochemical Composition of Three Species of Beans Sold in Uli
Published: 26-08-2023
Page: 418-429
Issue: 2023 - Volume 2 [Issue 4]
Ejimofor, Chiamaka Frances
Department of Biological Sciences, Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University, Uli, Anambra State, Nigeria.
Nwakoby, Nnamdi Enoch
Department of Biological Sciences, Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University, Uli, Anambra State, Nigeria.
Oledibe, Odira Johnson
Department of Botany, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria.
Mbaukwu, Onyinye Ann *
Department of Botany, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria.
Afam-Ezeaku, Chikaodili Eziamaka
Department of Botany, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Beans, which play an important role in African diets. In the absence of sufficient animal protein for the population, it provides as a main source of protein. Three beans varieties sold in Uli (Potiskum, Aloka and Iron beans) were analyzed for their proximate and phytochemical constituents. Phytochemical screening of the plants was conducted using different standard methods and the result revealed the presence of phytochemicals at different concentrations. The three species contained carbohydrate, protein, fibers and minerals such as calcium, magnesium, potassium, sodium, iron, zinc, manganese and copper. The crude protein content was found to be 15.62 and 17.91%, with brown seeds having the highest concentration. The carbohydrate content was determined to be 56.80 and 60.57%, respectively, with white seeds having the greater amount. The crude lipid had the narrowest range, ranging from 2.13 to 2.42%. The moisture percentage, crude fiber, and total ash levels ranged from 3.56 to 5.08, 13.54 to 14.15, and 4.07 to 4.27%, respectively. Potassium and copper had the highest and lowest concentration in cowpea varieties ranging from 741 to 768 and 0.58 to 0.60 mg/100 g, respectively. There were significant (p<0.05) differences between the potassium, calcium, sodium, magnesium, manganese and zinc concentration of the cowpea varieties, except between iron and copper concentration. From the results, it can be deduced that there is relative difference in the nutritional composition of the three beans as the results demonstrated that Iron beans is nutritionally superior to Aloka and Potiskum.
Keywords: Proximate, phytochemical, composition, beans, Uli
How to Cite
Downloads
References
Adebiyi AO, Adebiyi AP, Olaniyi EO. Nutritional composition of sorghum bicolorstarch hydrolyzed with amylase from Rhizopussp. Afr. J. Biotechnol. 20054:1089-1094.
Lakshmi UK, Ramadas VS, Geetha C, Begum KR. Food management and child care theory. Tamilnadu textbook corporation College Road, Chennai. 2010:31-46.
Minussi H, Egbe IA, Akanjeley IO. Effect of cooking on antinutritional factors of Ima bean (Phaseolus lunatus). 2013;35:81-87.
Henshaw FO, Sanni VA. Nigeria’s foods and feeding stuffs, their chemistry and nutritive value. (3rd edition) Ibadan, Ibadan University Press. 2005:99.
Agbogidi OM. Response of six cultivars of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) to spent engine oil. Afr. J. Food Sci. and Technol. 2010;1:139-142.
Bradley. Discovery of water-soluble anticancer agents (edotides) from a vegetable found in Benin City, Nigeria. Exp. Biol. Med. 2008;228:293-298.
Henneberg and Stohmann. Evaluating forage quality by visual appraisal, pH, and dry matter content. Pennsylvania State University Department of Dairy and Animal Science and Cooperative Extension; 2004.
Tsuchiya HM, et al. The Determination of some physical-chemical characteristics for orange, grapefruit and pineapple juices. Journal of Agroalimentary Processes and Technologoes 2016;XII(2):429-432.
Dahanukar SA, Kulkarni RA, Rege NN. Pharmacology of medicinal plants and natural products. In. J. Pharm. 2000;32:81-118.
AOAC. Official Methods of Analysis, 12th Edn., Association of official Chemists Will be hington D.C. W. Horwitz (ed). 2005; 1015.